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Video analysis of ballon falling with air resistance (Scenario 2). Students will appreciate effects of air resistance and terminal velocity

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- Kinematics Video Analysis using Tracker (tutor).pdf
- Kinematics Video Analysis using Tracker (student).pdf

Credits

Author: Thomas Yeu, MJC Physics
Contact: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Document Brief: Title: "Tracker Scenario 2 Object Falling by MJC Thomas Yeu"

This document examines the motion of a free-falling object under the influence of gravity, analyzing its acceleration, velocity, and the role of air resistance. Observations and modeling are used to explore fundamental principles of motion in a gravitational field.

Study Guide:

Objective: Understand the motion of a free-falling object, focusing on the effects of gravity, initial conditions, and air resistance on its trajectory.

Key Concepts:

1. Gravitational Force:

   • The constant force exerted by Earth that accelerates objects downward at 9.8 m/s² (ignoring air resistance).

2. Free Fall:

   • Motion under the influence of gravity alone, with no other forces acting.

3. Air Resistance:

   • The opposing force exerted by air on an object, dependent on its shape, speed, and surface area.

4. Terminal Velocity:

   • The maximum velocity reached when the force of gravity is balanced by air resistance.

5. Equations of Motion:

   • Use kinematic equations to describe position, velocity, and acceleration during free fall.

Experiment Overview:

• Setup: An object is dropped from a known height, and its motion is tracked using tools like video analysis or a motion sensor.

• Procedure:

  • Measure the time taken to fall a specific distance.

  • Analyze velocity and acceleration profiles.

  • Observe deviations from ideal free fall due to air resistance.

• Observation Points:

  • Time vs. velocity relationships.

  • The effect of air resistance on acceleration.

  • Attainment of terminal velocity if conditions permit.

Questions to Consider:

1. How does air resistance affect the motion of the falling object?

2. What is the relationship between mass, surface area, and terminal velocity?

3. How do initial conditions influence the object's motion?

Applications:

• Understanding motion in gravitational fields for physics and engineering.

• Designing parachutes and other devices that rely on air resistance.

• Calculating trajectories for objects in free fall or descent.

FAQ:

1. Why study free-falling objects? Free fall illustrates fundamental principles of mechanics, such as gravitational acceleration and the impact of resistive forces.

2. What factors affect the motion of the falling object? Gravity, air resistance, mass, shape, and surface area all influence its motion.

3. What happens if air resistance is negligible? The object will accelerate uniformly at 9.8 m/s², regardless of its mass or shape.

4. Can terminal velocity be observed in this experiment? Terminal velocity depends on the height of the drop and the object’s properties; it may or may not be reached during the experiment.

5. What are real-world applications of this study? Insights from free fall are used in sports science, aerodynamics, safety equipment design, and space exploration.